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Linux - Getting a Handle on it for
Beginners and Advanced Users
Introducing Linux
This section is intended to welcome those new to Linux. Advanced Linuxers might want to
skip down to the Linux General Archive and/or Linux Technical Archive section. The
superb work of a true Linux fan, Hiskhkawa, is the builder of these comprehensive
Linux Basics links.
What is Linux? Why Linux?
Linux is a freely distributable operating system heavily based on UNIX APIs -- in other
words, it's very much like UNIX. Licensed under the GNU General Public License, its source
code will always be available to anyone.
Here is a short list of well-written introductory
documents answering the very basic questions concerning this nifty OS:
Linux Basics
For those interested to know more about Linux, a good place to
start is frequently asked questions (FAQs) and HOWTO
documents coordinated by Linux Documentation
Project (LDP). Following introductory documents are taken
from LDP unless noted otherwise.
- Comprehensive list of HOWTO documents can be found here (by Tim Bynum)
LDP - General Info
Installation & Hardwares
Networking
Introductory documents for setting up networking on Linux. Please see above for setting
up networking hardwares. For more complicated setups, see Advanced
Networking section.
X Windows
Here's a couple of introductory documents for installing and configuring X
Windows, a graphical environment under Linux:
System Administration
Guides for various system administration
tasks in general.
Some more useful documents for beginners:
Linux Distributions
While Linux in its strictest sense refers only to the kernel
itself, it is normally associated with full-fledged system, i.e. Linux kernel bundled with
wide range of freely distributable softwares, many of them from GNU Project.
Linux in such packaged form is often called Linux distributions.
Some distributions are created by commercial vendors, while others are maintained
by a team of volunteers.
Collected below are some comparisons among various distributions,
followed by reviews on individual distributions:
Distribution - General Information
Comparison of Multiple Distributions
Here are several slightly outdated comparisons,
which nevertheless might give some idea concerning the flavors of each
distributions:
Reviews of individual Distributions
Linux General Archive
Interviews with Linus
This is an attempt to collect the (ever increasing) media interviews of Linus
Torvalds, the creator and chief maintainer of Linux.
- PCWeek
Webcast [15 Nov 99] - Keynote speech at Fall '99 Comdex as well as 5 min.
exclusive interview
- Linux
Journal [12 Oct 99] - transcript from "Linux for Suits", by
Doc Searls Recommended.
- Dr. Dobb's TechNetCast [June 99]: Linus' speech at USENIX 99
BOF, available in text
or video (Part
1, Part 2,
Part 3
. . . you need G2 Player to see these.)
- PC World [18
June 99] Recommended.
- Technology News [16
June 99] - An article on Linus' remark at Bay
Area Linux Users Group, by Malcolm Maclachlan
- Fatbrain.com [May
99] Highly Recommended.
- Austin360.com [19
Apr 99] - A brief interview by Michael Kanell
- VARBusiness [12 Apr
99] - by L. Aragon & M.A. De Bellis
- TIME [22
Mar 99] - by Peggy Salz-Trautman
- LinuxWorld [12
Mar 99] - by R. McMillan & N. Mikes
- PC Week [28
Jan 99] - by Scott Berinato
- Computer Reseller
News [7 Dec 98] - by Alison Diana
- LinuxWorld [16
Oct 98] - by Robert McMillan
- EE Times [27 Oct 98]
- by Craig Matsumoto
- TIME [26
Oct 98] - An article on Linus, by Janice Maloney
- Dallas Morning
News [6 Oct 98] - by Elizabeth Simnacher
- ZDNN [30
Sep 98] - available only in RealVideo [you may experience bandwidth
problem]
- Computing
World [17 Aug 98] - by Galen Gruman & David Orenstein
- San
Francisco Examiner [2 Aug 98] - by Rebecca Eisenberg
- SunWorld [Aug
98] - by Robert McMillan. Including his thoughts on Java
- c't [July 98] - by
Jürgen Schmidt (translated from German)
- bootNet [July
98] - Extremely enjoyable stuff
- InfoWorld [8
June 98] - by Michael Vizard
- crn.com [30
May 98] - Brief article by Stuart Glascock
- TechWeb [7 Apr 98] available in: RealAudio or Text - by
David Sims
- Linux Focus [Mar
98] - by Manuel Martinez
- First
Monday [Vol.3 #3, 2 Mar 98] - by Rishab Ghosh
- Linux Gazette [Feb
98] - by Alessandro Rubini [#32, Sep 98]
- Tokyo Linux User Group [Sep 97]
- by Hiro Yamagata. Recommended.
- MetroActive [May
97] - by Michael Learmonth
- Linux
Journal [#29, Sep 96] - by Phil Hughes & Gena Shurtleff
- Linux Journal [#9,
Jan 95] - by Belinda Frazier
- Linux Journal [#1,
Mar 94] - by Robert Young
- Meta [Oct
93] - A vintage email interview from ver. 0.99 era (from Linux Archive in
Passauer Knoten). Recommended.
Comparison, Usage & Advocacy
Dare to Compare
- Microsoft Myths - by Leon
Brooks, a response to (and a parody of) the notorious Linux Myth page
by Microsoft.
- NT versus Linux
for small-business networking - by Joyce Park, osOpinion
[8 July 99]
- Mixed Double - Linux and NT as Web
Server on the Test Bed - by Jürgen Schmidt (translation: E. Wolfram), c't [#13/99, June 99]
- Linux Vs. NT: Head
To Head - by J. Tibbetts & B. Bernstein, CMP's
TechWeb [28 June 99]
- Linux 2.2
Gives NT a Run for Its Money--for Free - by Neil Randall, PC Magazine [8 June 99]
- Linux vs. NT, a counterpoint
- by Paul Thurrott, WinInfo [19 May 99]
- Linux Versus NT - by
Paul Boutin, HotWired [13 May 99]
- Test show more
than numbers - In this benchmarking test "(Linux) showed it needs improvement
in several key areas." By H. Baltazar, PC
Week [10 May 99]
- NOS crossroads
- by Pankaj Chowdhry, PC Week [10 May 99]
- Latest FUD tactic may be backfiring
- by Eric Raymond, Linux Today [23 Apr 99]
- Linux Love Fest ...
VARs Look to Push OS Into Enterprise - a survey of 200 resellers, by S. Glascock
& J. Roberts, Computer Reseller News [18 Jan 98]
- A PRNewswire Report on IDC's Server Operating
Environments, NewsALERT [18 Jan 98]
- Penguin Attack! ... or a tale of
flightless waterfowls - for M.C.S.E. types , by Jim Severino [Jan 98]
- Linux Community Survey: Result
- by WebCMO. Also: 2nd Report
- Linux shipments up
212 percent - by S. Shankland, CNET News.Com [16
Dec 98]
- Microsoft Windows NT Server 4.0 vs UNIX -
by John Kirch [Updated: Dec 98]
- Linux legitimacy
rallies NT skeptics - by R. S. Raynovich & P. Sprenger, LAN Times Online [Aug 98]
- Linux vs NT: Engineers Speak Out Part1 & Part2 - by M. Shohat, ISD [July/Aug 98]
- Linux vs NT Shootout [16 June 98] - Available in RealAudio or Text
- Replacing Windows NT Server
with Linux - by Quinn Coldiron
Linux in Use
- Distance
learning...powered by Linux - by Liz Warren, Computer Weekly [18 Nov 99]
- Amused
with Linux - an article on the switch to Linux by the UK government's (including the British Monarchy) websites, from The Times [18 Oct 99]
- Linux Outside
the Fortune 500 ... or Is it Right for Your Small Business? - by William von
Hagen, OfficeCommunity.com [Oct 99]
- Linux
scores at Wimbledon - from developerWorks
- Feeling
Lucky? - an article on web-search site "Google" by Evan Leibovitch, ZDNet [23 July 99]
- Linux
for mission-critical apps? Not so crazy - by Anne Chen, PC Week [5 July 99]
- Linux Takes Flight
on Northwest Simulators - by David Orenstein, ComputerWorld [24 May 99]
- Plugged
In: Linux Showing Up In Supercomputers - by Therese Pletti, Reuters
[19 Apr 99] (from San Jose Mercury News' SiliconValley.com)
- Salon gets a full-body
makeover - by Beth Lipton, CNET News.Com [5 Apr
99]
- Linux
growth snowballs as big boys join the throng - by E. Cresswell, L. Mason & C.
Neshevich, ComputorWorld
Today [26 Feb 99]
- Viva La
Revolución - an article about huge "Scholar Net" project, by E. Harrison, Computer Bits [Jan 99]
- Project Heresy - Brian
Cooley & Dan Shafer discuss their on-going effort to adopt Linux, a great
series on CNET Radio
- Linux: Back
door to the front office - what IT administrators are saying, by Scott Berinato, PCWeek Online [13 Nov 98]
- Due South with the British Antarctic
Survey - by C. Donlon & J. Crawshaw, Linux
Journal [#51, July 98]
- Grassroots
Linux grows - by Sarah Varney, InfoWorld [8
June 98]
- Linux
powers many area businesses - by Dana Blankenhorn, Chicago Tribune [5 June 98]
- Linux Helps Bring Titanic to
Life - by Daryll Strauss, Linux Journal [#46,
Feb 98]
- Linux Out of the Real World - by
Sebastian Kuzminsky, a recount of Linux aboard the Space Shuttle, Linux Journal [#39, July 97]
Linux Advocacy
- Celebrating
'Linux Myths' ... or The story the trade press missed -- finally - by
Nicholas Petreley of LinuxWorld [7 Oct 99]
- The
post-FUD era has begun - by Evan Leibovitch. Another response to recent remarks by Bob
Metcalfe (see below), ZDNet [2 Aug 99]
- The Boy Who
Cried "FUD!" - by Kevin Holmes, osOpinion
[19 July 99]
- Here's an interesting showdown between two InfoWorld
columnists... Bob
Metcalfe [19 June 99] vs. Nicholas Petreley
[26 June 99]
- Mindcraft Redux: On Mindcraft's
April 1999 Benchmark - by Dan Kegel [Updated: 27 May 99]
- What we
have here is a failure to communicate... - an article concerning naming convention of
Linux distributions (ie, Linux vs GNU/Linux), by Evan Leibovitch, ZDNet[20 May 99]
- Stop the
Mindcraft madness ... or You can't fight FUD with fact - by Nicholas Petreley
of LinuxWorld [7 May 99]
- ESR and the Mindcraft
Fiasco - from slashdot [23 Apr 99]
- FEE, FI, FOE, FUD - by Nathan
Cochrane, Linux Today [5 Apr 99]
- Dispelling the Kernel
Compiling Myth - by Jean Martinez, Linux
Gazette [#37, Feb 99]
- Six Lies About Linux - a
rebuttal against FUDs, by Aaron Hsiao of About.com
(Focus on Linux) [7 Dec 98]
- The Linux FUD
factor FAQ - by Roger Irwin [Nov 98]
- Linux Myth Dispeller
- by Kenneth Kinder
- The four phases of Linux acceptance
- by Evan Leibovitch, from Xunil Pages
- Towards World Domination
- by Chris Tyler, Slashdot [4 June 98]
- Harnessing the Linux Labor
Force - by Stan Seibert, Slashdot [7 May 98]
- Advocating Linux - by
Lars Wirzenius [16 Aug 96]
Articles on Linux
- Linux in Global Consulting
Practices - by Tom Adelstein, Consulting
Times
- A
penguine's-eye view of Comdex - by Evan Leibovitch, ZDNet
[22 Nov 99]
- Can Linux Pass
the CIO Test? - by Kimberly Hill, intraware
[June 99]
- Is It Time for Linux - by
Greg Shipley, Network Computing [31 May
99] Highly Recommended.
- Training is the Next
Battleground for Linux - by Amara Angelica, TechWeek
[17 May 99]
- Why Linux
needs help - by Andrew Leonard, Salon.com [15
Apr 99]
- Linux, The Opposite
of Windows - by Kim Komando, Popular
Mechanics [Apr 99]
- Should
you join the freeware revolution? - by Derek Slater, CNN
interactive [19 Mar 99]
- The Big Leagues - by
Aaron Hsiao of About.com (Focus on Linux) [25 Feb
99]
- The
Rebel Code - by Amy Harmon, New York Times
[21 Feb 99]
- Onward - by
Christina Dyrness. A six pages article from the perspectives of business & finance, TECHcapital [Jan/Feb 99]
- Code Warriors -
a decent article by Steven Levy, Newsweek [18
Jan 98]
- Love That Linux - by Amy
Johnson, CIO Magazine [1 Dec 98]
- Linux
quiets the cynics - by Kym Gilhooly, Service
News [Dec 98]
- Linux Takes Off
- by Martin Garvey, Techweb [16 Nov 98]
- Linux: upstart OS gets some
respect - an introductory article by Cormac Foster, CNET
[2 Nov 98]
- Linux:
All systems are go - by Dennis Howlet, computing net
[17 Sep 98]
- The
little operating system that could - by Andrew Leonard, Salon.com [26 June 98]
- Linux OS, in RealAudio
- from NPR [All Things Considered, 8 Apr 98]
Halloween Documents
Selected Documents on Open Source
Other Write-ups
- Q&A:
Tim O'Reilly - from sendmail.net
- Interview with Jon
"maddog" Hall - by Steve Brody, developerWorks
[Oct 99]
- Are the Smaller Distributions
a Force for Good or Bad? - by Christian Schaller, linuxpower.org
[30 July 99]
- Into the
Belly of the Beast - A short recount on Eric Raymond's visit to Microsoft, by N.
Jacobowitz & M. Dockrey
- The Eric S. Raymond Interview
- from Linux.com [18 May 99]
- Words of a maddog - an interview
with John 'maddog' Hall by Dave Whitinger of Linux
Today [19 Apr 99]
- Linux appeared on ... Dilbert!! Part I,
Part
II ( I just HAD TO include it here. :-)
- LWN/Changelog interviews Alan Cox: Part I [Jan 99] , Part II [Apr 99]
- Glory among
the Geeks - by Peter Wayner, Salon.com
[Jan 99]
- Unix
redux? ... or Why Linux won't make like Unix and split - by Bob Young, LinuxWorld [28 Jan 99]
- Linux and
the monopoly game - by Nicholas Petreley, LinuxWorld
[29 Jan 99]
- 1998 Linux timeline - a nicely
done roundup of the year, from LWN [Dec 98]
- Newsmaker:
Robert F. Young - an interview of RedHat President by David Carr, Internet World [9 Nov 98]
- Linux Anecdotes - by
Lars Wirzenius
- Online forum with Alan Cox
- moderated by Phillip Smith, some.net [20 June 98]
- Rampantly Unofficial Linus
Torvalds FAQ - by Eric Raymond
- The Transmeta
Enigma - by Andrew Leonard, Salon.com [May 98]
Linux Technical Archive
Linux Kernel General
Documentation & Articles
Kernel Ver. 2.4
Kernel Ver. 2.2
Standardization Issues
The issue of standardizing Linux
distributions to increase compatibility among various distributions is currently being
worked out at the Linux Standard Base (LSB).
Various vendors and organizations, including Red Hat, Caldera, Suse, Pacific HiTech,
and the Debian Project, are participating in
the effort. LSB is currently chaired by Daniel Quinlan of Filesystem Hierarchy Standard
(FHS, see below) fame.
Recently, quite a few articles on
standardization issues in Linux have appeared:
Related documents of interest:
Desktop - Graphical User Interface (GUI)
& Key Apps
GNOME & GTK+
KDE
GUI Reviews
Key Applications
- KOffice: The
Killer App of 2000 - a short review of an alpha version by Arthur Johnson II, Ext2 [May 99]
- Hunting for
the corporate desktop - an article on SuSE Linux Office Suite 99 by L. Grizno, LinuxWorld [13 Nov 98]
- Browsing the browsers - a
comparison of 21 browsers available on Linux, by Ricardo Igarashi, Linux in Brazil
- Integrator - VMware 1.0: Windows
with Linux - by Peter Siering (translation: E. Wolfram), c't [#14/99, July 99]
- Test
Drive: VMware for Linux - by Geir Nielsen, 32BitsOnline
[June 99]
- VMware
runs Windows under Linux - a product review by Kevin Railsback, InfoWorld [7 June 99]
- WordPerfect 8 for Linux - by
William Henning of CPU Review [2 Aug 99]
- Tux's secret
obsession - Gaming under Linux - by Harald Radke, Linux Focus [Nov 99]
- A
whole new civilization built on Linux - a review of Civilization: Call to Power
by Rawn Shah, LinuxWorld [30 June 99]
- Penguins Play
Games, Too - an interview with Loki Entertainment's Draeker, from Adrenaline Vault [12 June 99]
- Linux
and MP3s - by Rob Bos, 32BitsOnline [3
June 99]
Security Issues
- Securing Linux: The First Steps
- by Peter Lukas, from Linux Gazette [#47,
Nov 99]
- Securing Linux - A nice introductory series by Michael Warfield,
appearing on LinuxWorld: Part 1 [28
May 99], Part 2 [6
July 99]
- Armoring Linux - an article
covering the basics of securing a Linux box, by Lance Spitzner
- Securing your
root account with Linux - from SecurityPortal.com
[7 June 99]
- Security for the Home Network
- by J. Pollman & Bill Mote, from Linux
Gazette [#46, Oct 99]
- Security, Privacy, and
Encryption on Linux - by Philo Vivero, linuxpower.org
[July 99]
- Top Open-Source
Security Tools for UNIX - by Nalneesh Gaur, Performance Computing [July 99]
- Securing your
File System in Linux - from SecurityPortal.com
[14 June 99]
More Technical Writings
Looking Onward
Software Development
- Software
Release Practice HOWTO - by Eric Raymond, from LDP
- Software
Building-HOWTO - by Mendel Leo Cooper, from LDP
- CVS RCS HOWTO - by
Alavoor Vasudevan, from LDP
- GCC HOWTO - by Daniel
Barlow, from LDP
- Assembly HOWTO - by
François-René Rideau, from LDP
- A comparison
of Linux integrated development environments - by Sam Mikes, LinuxWorld [22 July 99]
- Windows
vs Linux: A programmers perspective - by Michael Wilkinson, osOpinion [2 July 99]
- Linux
development: CLI, Emacs, or IDE? - by Joe Barr, LinuxWorld [2 June 99]
- Getting Started with Java on
Linux - by Joe Sokolosky, LD.N Journal
[July 99]
- A Cup of
Java - With 2 Lumps of Linux - by Jeffery Cann, Unix World
Server-side Applications
- A
comparison of 4 databases - featuring Oracle, Informix, Mysql & Postgresql, by
Mark Kirkwood
- How to
get Oracle up and running on your Linux box - by Uche Ogbuji, LinuxWorld [4 June 99]
- Oracle HOWTO - by
Paul Haigh, from LDP
- PostgreSQL HOWTO
- by Al Dev, from LDP
- Academic's
Tool Grows Up - PostgreSQL - by Corey Huinker, 32BitsOnline [2 Dec 99]
- Ingress II HOWTO -
by Pal Domokos, from LDP
- Linux and Informix - by
Phil Hughes, a.k.a. "they just typed make", from Linux Journal
Advanced Networking
All documents are from LDP unless stated otherwise.
Beowulf
Beowulf is the project name of a cluster computer of Linux based workstations connected
by channel bonded Ethernet, created by Don Becker & Thomas Sterling at CESDIS in the summer of 1994. See
also: Extreme Linux.
Miscellaneous
Reference Desk
Listed below are selected links to Linux (or Linux-related) websites, all considered to
be in the class of "Highly Recommended."
General Resources
- Linux Documentation Project - HOWTO's and
other docs. Maintained by Greg Hankins
- Linux.com - Launched in May 99. With enough cluefull
folks on board, this site has a potential to become "the" Linux portal.
- Google: Linux Search - provides a neat search
facility for Linux-related pages
News Site
- slashdot - "News for Nerds. Stuff that
matters."
- Linux Today - "... a resource for business
professionals interested in maintaining a high level of awareness"
- Linux.de - Latest news on Linux in general. [in
German]
- JLA News & Announces - Latest
news & announces on Linux, maintained by Japan Linux Association. [in Japanese]
- Linux Dev.Net - "... the first stop for software
developers under Linux"
- security-focus.com - "Internet's latest
and most complete computer security information clearinghouse"
Periodicals & Magazines
Kernel
- The Linux Kernel Archive - Definitive kernel source
(ie, Linus)
- KernelNotes.org - Formerly known as LinuxHQ,
this is where you go for kernel related info. Maintained by Jim Pick
- Kernel Traffic - A free periodical which
provides takes on some of the activities of the Linux Kernel ML.
Finding Linux Applications
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